Bacterial infections remain a leading cause of death worldwide and will likely become an even greater health care challenge. The number of antibiotic-resistant pathogens grows daily while the discovery of new antibiotics lags dangerously. When a patient arrives at a hospital with a bloodstream infection, every minute matters but choosing the correct antibiotic is also crucial to success. Current methods of bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility are not up to the challenge. Testing can take hours, if not days, resulting in longer hospital stays, major complications, and higher mortality rates. Defeating Antibiotic Resistance through Transformative Solutions (DARTS) aims to address these challenges by advancing an ultra-high throughput imaging and culturing platform that can continuously track and test billions of bacteria one by one. If successful, the system will serve as a rapid platform for the discovery and development of new antibiotics. It will also be adapted for patient use as a microbial diagnostic that can rapidly identify the pathogen and the appropriate antibiotic to prescribe, enhancing the stewardship of antibiotics that remain effective. Such a rapid microbial diagnostic would enhance health outcomes, not just for the tested patient, but for everyone, as the diagnostic would greatly reduce the misuse of the antibiotics that remain effective.